Jeff Atwood of Coding Horror seems to think that virtualization (in addition to other measures) is the lynch pin of Windows security problems. In his article Trojans, Rootkits, and the Culture of Fear, Mr. Atwood says: “if we add a little virtualization to the mix, I think we can almost completely eliminate most security threats.”.
Interestingly, the same article also says: “With virtualization, you stop caring about blacklists and signature updates; you’re protected against any possible threat, now or in the future. Well, except for the rare threats that target the virtualization layer, but that’s a much tougher nut to crack.”.
I certainly agree that virtualization is a useful security tool, but I’m always wary of those who’d claim any technology as a panacea. The very fact that threats targeting the virtualization layer exist — even if they are currently a rarity — is a large, heavy clue that virtualization isn’t going to be a massive boon to security.
Security is an arms race, and a closely-matched one at that. Even Mr. Atwood’s overall good advice to stop using administrator-level accounts for daily work is just a countermeasure, not a fix. If everyone started running in an unprivileged mode, we’d not see an end to threats. Rather, we’d see the threats evolve: social engineering and other privilege-escalation attacks would become more common and more advanced.
The use of virtualization faces the same issues. Yes, it betters the security of a system today, because the attacks that target virtualization are rare and sophisticated. That sophistication requirement will certainly help shield users — at least for now. However, I suspect that once virtualization becomes a popular way to secure systems, the attacks against virtualization will become more common and more advanced.
I’m not saying Mr. Atwood’s advice is bad — quite the contrary, in fact — merely that our security problems will not be solved by any particular approach or technology. The best we do is implement new security measures quickly, and try to stay a step ahead of the attackers.